People generally, think that keeping marine fish is a tricky task. In some cases this might be true, because saltwater fish requires a bit more time, work and equipments in comparison to freshwater fish. There're several marine fish species which are easier to handle once you are able to understand the right way of maintaining the saltwater aquarium, and establishing a stable environment.
The Parameters
Marine fish are extra sensitive to variations in their surroundings. The basic parameters for marine fish tank are pH, salinity, nitrite and temperature. At the time of cycling process, nitrate and ammonia can be a headache. For keeping marine fish one should be vigilant towards the pH of the water, and it should not fluctuate greater than 0.2 each day. Most of the marine life likes pH ranging in-between 8.0 to 8.4. So, it should never drop below 8.0. Other crucial parameters such as nitrites, salinity and temperature, should be around 20 ppm, 1.022 and between 75F to 80F respectively.
The Components
The essential components for keeping marine fish are synthetic sea salts, filters, lighting, decorations and test kits. One of the most important items for saltwater aquarium is the size of the tank, the bigger the better. Bigger tanks provide more stability and room for mistakes to be rectified; anyway, tanks should never be less than 20 gallons. Generally, fish enjoy long, wide tanks; the greater surface area assist in better gas exchange. And always use a good substrate like crushed coral or marine sand.
Setting Up
The first step for keeping marine fish is setting up a tank in the appropriate place and position. Make sure that the stand is equal from all direction; you can normally do this with Styrofoam under the tank. Next, install the filtration, inside the tank or outside, according to the form of filter. Add substrate after rinsing it with plain water and then arrange the decorations. Now the tank is prepared for adding saltwater, this can be done a few ways either ready mix the synthetic sea salt with reverse osmosis water or from a purifying unit in the tank or containers but it's advisable to place a plate on the substrate before pouring water into it. Then let the tank become stable for about 2 days and keep testing before adding live stock.
Aquarium Filtration
Fish kept in tank are confined to a very small quantity of water and so contaminants such as scraps of uneaten food or ammonia released from fish's gills, feces raises the toxic level of the water very soon. Keeping marine fish in such type of a condition is harmful for proper development of the fish. Regular change of water can help containing contamination, but maybe impractical because of size and frequency of water changes required. The best method of tackling this problem is by installation the best aquarium filtration you can afford - be it under gravel filtration or wet/dry filter.
Choosing the Fish
Keeping marine fish are normally more expensive than freshwater fish, so it's very significant to get them house alive and maintain their longevity. Never purchase a sick fish, always look for a healthy and lively fish in the store, and check, if any irregular patches, spots or wounds on the body. Torn fins are not a problem, they'll heal up soon, but other symptoms may kill the fish or even infect other fish of the aquarium. Experienced aquarists suggest that anyone should always keep a quarantine tank, particularly for saltwater fish, experienced aquarists suggest that you should always keep a quarantine tank.
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